ki<\/em>.<\/p>\nThe “k-” row: \u00e3\u0081\u2039\u00e3\u20ac\u20acka<\/em>\u00e3\u20ac\u20ac\u00e3\u0081\u008d\u00e3\u20ac\u20acki<\/em>\u00e3\u20ac\u20ac\u00e3\u0081\u008f\u00e3\u20ac\u20acku<\/em>\u00e3\u20ac\u20ac\u00e3\u0081\u2018\u00e3\u20ac\u20acke<\/em>\u00e3\u20ac\u20ac\u00e3\u0081\u201c\u00e3\u20ac\u20acko<\/em><\/p>\nReplacing ku<\/em> with ki<\/em> and add masu<\/em> to the end, and viola! We get \u00e5\u2019\u00b2\u00e3\u0081\u008d\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 sakimasu<\/em>. This works for all Group 1 verbs.<\/p>\nOther examples:<\/p>\n
\n\u00e6\u2030\u201c\u00e3\u0081\u00a4 utsu<\/em> = \u00e6\u2030\u201c\u00e3\u0081\u00a1\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 uchimasu<\/em>
\n\u00e8\u00aa\u00ad\u00e3\u201a\u20ac yomu<\/em> = \u00e8\u00aa\u00ad\u00e3\u0081\u00bf\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 yomimasu<\/em>
\n\u00e8\u0081\u017e\u00e3\u0081\u008f kiku<\/em> = \u00e8\u0081\u017e\u00e3\u0081\u008d\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 kikimasu<\/em>
\n\u00e7\u00aa\u0081\u00e3\u0081\u00a3\u00e8\u00be\u00bc\u00e3\u201a\u20ac tsukkomu<\/em> = \u00e7\u00aa\u0081\u00e3\u0081\u00a3\u00e8\u00be\u00bc\u00e3\u0081\u00bf\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 tsukkomimasu<\/em>
\n\u00e6\u02c6\u00b8\u00e6\u0192\u2018\u00e3\u0081\u2020 tomadou<\/em> = \u00e6\u02c6\u00b8\u00e6\u0192\u2018\u00e3\u0081\u201e\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 tomadoimasu<\/em>
\n\u00e7\u0160\u00af\u00e3\u0081\u2122 okasu<\/em> = \u00e7\u0160\u00af\u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 okashimasu<\/em>
\n\u00e6\u00ad\u00bb\u00e3\u0081\u00ac shinu<\/em> = \u00e6\u00ad\u00bb\u00e3\u0081\u00ab\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 shinimasu<\/em>
\n\u00e5\u00bd\u201c\u00e3\u0081\u0178\u00e3\u201a\u2039 ataru<\/em> = \u00e5\u00bd\u201c\u00e3\u0081\u0178\u00e3\u201a\u0160\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 atarimasu<\/em>
\n\u00e5\u00b8\u00b0\u00e3\u201a\u2039 kaeru<\/em> = \u00e5\u00b8\u00b0\u00e3\u201a\u0160\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 kaerimasu<\/em><\/p>\nGroup 2<\/h3>\n
Too simple. Just take off the trailing \u00e3\u201a\u2039 ru<\/em> and replace with masu<\/em><\/p>\nExamples:<\/p>\n
\n\u00e6\u00b6\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u02c6\u00e3\u201a\u2039 kieru<\/em> = \u00e6\u00b6\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 kiemasu<\/em>
\n\u00e7\u009d\u20ac\u00e3\u201a\u2039 kiru<\/em> = \u00e7\u009d\u20ac\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 kimasu<\/em>
\n\u00e5\u00a5\u008f\u00e3\u0081\u00a7\u00e3\u201a\u2039 kanaderu<\/em> = \u00e5\u00a5\u008f\u00e3\u0081\u00a7\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 kanademasu<\/em>
\n\u00e9\u20ac\u0192\u00e3\u0081\u2019\u00e3\u201a\u2039 nigeru<\/em> = \u00e9\u20ac\u0192\u00e3\u0081\u2019\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 nigemasu<\/em>
\n\u00e5\u00a4\u2030\u00e3\u0081\u02c6\u00e3\u201a\u2039 kaeru<\/em> = \u00e5\u00a4\u2030\u00e3\u0081\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 kaemasu<\/em>
\n\u00e3\u0081\u201e\u00e3\u201a\u2039 iru<\/em> = \u00e3\u0081\u201e\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 imasu<\/em>
\n\u00e9\u00a3\u0178\u00e3\u0081\u00b9\u00e3\u201a\u2039 taberu<\/em> = \u00e9\u00a3\u0178\u00e3\u0081\u00b9\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 tabemasu<\/em><\/p>\nGroup 3<\/h3>\n
There are only two of them, so just memorize.<\/p>\n
\u00e3\u0081\u2122\u00e3\u201a\u2039 suru<\/em> = \u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 shimasu<\/em>
\n\u00e3\u0081\u008f\u00e3\u201a\u2039 kuru<\/em> = \u00e3\u0081\u008d\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 kimasu<\/em>
\n\u00e5\u00ad\u02dc\u00e5\u0153\u00a8\u00e3\u0081\u2122\u00e3\u201a\u2039 sonzai suru<\/em> = \u00e5\u00ad\u02dc\u00e5\u0153\u00a8\u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 sonzai shimasu<\/em>
\n\u00e6\u20ac\u00a7\u00e4\u00ba\u00a4\u00e3\u0081\u2122\u00e3\u201a\u2039 seikou suru<\/em> = \u00e6\u20ac\u00a7\u00e4\u00ba\u00a4\u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 seikou shimasu<\/em><\/p>\nPolite Past Tense<\/h3>\n
“I went.”<\/p>\n
This is pretty easy too. Just change the suffix from masu<\/em> to mashita<\/em>, no matter which group it is. This applies to polite form only. I will be covering tenses for dictionary form at a later date.<\/p>\n\u00e8\u00aa\u00ad\u00e3\u0081\u00bf\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 yomimasu<\/em> = \u00e8\u00aa\u00ad\u00e3\u0081\u00bf\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u0178 yomimashita<\/em>
\n\u00e6\u00b6\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 kiemasu<\/em> = \u00e6\u00b6\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u0178 kiemashita<\/em>
\n\u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 shimasu<\/em> = \u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u0178 shimashita<\/em><\/p>\nPolite Negative<\/h3>\n
“I [will not \/ do not] go.”<\/p>\n
Japanese does not differentiate between “will not” and “do not” and uses negative in both cases. Again, what I have here is for the polite form only. The normal negative form will be covered at a later date. Simply replace all masu<\/em> with masen<\/em><\/p>\n\u00e8\u00aa\u00ad\u00e3\u0081\u00bf\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 yomimasu<\/em> = \u00e8\u00aa\u00ad\u00e3\u0081\u00bf\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u203a\u00e3\u201a\u201c yomimasen<\/em>
\n\u00e6\u00b6\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 kiemasu<\/em> = \u00e6\u00b6\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u203a\u00e3\u201a\u201c kiemasen<\/em>
\n\u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 shimasu<\/em> = \u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u203a\u00e3\u201a\u201c shimasen<\/em><\/p>\nPolite Negative Past<\/h3>\n
“I did not go.”<\/p>\n
This is simply a matter of adding deshita<\/em> to the end of the polite negative form.<\/p>\n\u00e8\u00aa\u00ad\u00e3\u0081\u00bf\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 yomimasu<\/em> = \u00e8\u00aa\u00ad\u00e3\u0081\u00bf\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u203a\u00e3\u201a\u201c\u00e3\u0081\u00a7\u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u0178 yomimasen deshita<\/em>
\n\u00e6\u00b6\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 kiemasu<\/em> = \u00e6\u00b6\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u02c6\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u203a\u00e3\u201a\u201c\u00e3\u0081\u00a7\u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u0178 kiemasen deshita<\/em>
\n\u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u2122 shimasu<\/em> = \u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u00be\u00e3\u0081\u203a\u00e3\u201a\u201c\u00e3\u0081\u00a7\u00e3\u0081\u2014\u00e3\u0081\u0178 shimasen deshita<\/em><\/p>\nReview<\/h3>\n
Converting to and from polite form is pretty easy so I won’t make an exercise for it. Or I’m just too lazy to. :3 You just have to remember the two Group 3 verbs and the general rule for the Group 1 verbs. Even a chimpanzee can convert Group 2 verbs to polite form.<\/p>\n
Similarly, converting from polite present to polite past, polite negative or polite negative past is a simple matter of following the general rule. There are no exceptions for these three rules. Hurray.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Conclusion<\/h3>\n
In the first chapter, we talked about:<\/p>\n
\n- Verb groups<\/li>\n
- Dictonary form<\/li>\n
- Polite \/ “-masu” form<\/li>\n
- Polite past, negative and past negative<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Have fun~ Check back some time again for the second chapter if I ever get to writing it.<\/strike> Turns out I did finally write it… Click on the link below.<\/p>\n
P.S. I do realize that the pictures have nothing to do with the topic… ;)<\/p>\n